introduction秘籍

intro结构可以概括为:Context +Problem+Response

(1) CONTEXT: Why can't a machine be more like a man?. . . The same question has been raised by and about creatures ranging from Frankenstein's monster to the Terminator

PROBLEM: But the real question is. . do they tacitly reinforce destructive stereotypes of what it means to be “normal”?

RESPONSE: The model person seems in fact to be defined by Westerm criteria that exclude most of the people in the world.

看完例子之后，下面详细分析各个部分吧~

构建背景:

多数introduction都以一个稳定的状态、或者是对问题的陈述来开头，接下来以一个难题打破这个稳定的状态，从而

引出后续的问题或者情况

开场背景: In today's society, would Majorjohn Andre,a British spy. . . be hanged?. . . [Spying] is the only

offense that mandates death.

中途出现的问题:Recently, however, the Supreme Court has rejected mandatory death sentences. ..

也可以直接用问题来开启introduction，这样能尽可能的激发阅读兴趣(提一提印象分)

Recently the chemical processes that thin the ozone layer have been found to be less well understood than once thought. We may have labeled hydrofluorocarbons as the chief cause incorrectly.

还可以以出先前研究当中没有涉及到的情境。不仅仅引出主题、而是把更具体的观点也放出来

As we have investigated environmerta. Lhreats, our understanding of chemical processes in acid rain and the buildup of carbon dioxide has improved, allowing us to understand better their effects on the biosphere. (背景), [Sounds good ] But recently the processes that thin the ozone layer have been found to be less well understood than once thought.（问题 ）condition We may have labeled hydrofluorocarbons as the chief cause incorrectly. （后果）

陈述难题:可以从两个角度来陈述:大众没有完整地理解某个情况、或者没有完全了解这种情况带来的后果

直接陈述情况...but Motodyne has no data showing which icons are self-explanatory.

用间接的问题来暗示出现的情况The real question is why these characters are always white and male.

陈述回复:要清晰地陈述解答的重点，说明稍后会把处理方案也提出来

As we have investigated environmental threats, our understanding of chemical processes in acid rain and the buildup of carbon dioxide has improved, allowing us to understand better their effects on the biosphere. （背景）, [Sounds good. ] But recently the chemical processes that thin the ozone layer have been found to be less well understood than once thought. （情景）[So what?] We may have labeled hydrofluorocarbons as the chief cause incorrectly （后果）.We have found that the bonding of carbon . gist of solution/main point[(处理方案的要点]

还可以以出先前研究当中没有涉及到的情境。不仅仅引出主题、而是把更具体的观点也放出来

As we have investigated environmental threats, our understanding . . has improved. . . . But recently the chemical processes . . . have been found to be hydrofluorocarbons as the chief cause incorrectly. (发现了什么) less well understood. .(情境）We may have labeled In this report we describe a hitherto unexpected chemicai bonding between . . promise of point to come

展开式论点或提出计划(常用于社科专业)

There are many designs for hydroelectric turbine intakes and diversion screens, but on-site evaluation is not cost-effective. A more viable alternative is computer modeling. To evaluate hydroelectric diversion

screens, this study will evaluate three computer models-Quattro, AVOC, and Turbo-plex-to determine which is most cost-effective in reliability, speed, and ease of use.

留学论文的introduction部分大家跟着写作步骤和方法论来模仿着写应该都没什么问题了吧？因为之前给大家分享过很多的句型和技巧，还没有完全掌握的姐妹可以去考考古~

今天主要是大家这几天问我很多的这个：怎么写才能让introduction更亮眼？确实每次按照例句来写确实稳妥，但是像essay这种英语论文更注重逻辑！下面就根据这一点给大家拆解一下~

首先要记住introduction的三要素：构成语境的背景、关于问题的陈述和对于问题的回应。所以intro的结构可以简单概括为这个：Context + Problem + Response

看完例子之后，下面详细分析各个部分吧~

构建背景：

多数introduction都以一个稳定的状态、或者是对问题的陈述来开头，接下来以一个难题打破这个稳定的状态，从而引出后续的问题或者情况

也可以直接用问题来开启introduction，这样能尽可能的激发阅读兴趣（提一提印象分）

还可以以出先前研究当中没有涉及到的情境。不仅仅引出主题、而是把更具体的观点也放出来

陈述难题：可以从两个角度来陈述：大众没有完整地理解某个情况、或者没有完全了解这种情况带来的后果

直接陈述情况

用间接的问题来暗示出现的情况

陈述回复：要清晰地陈述解答的重点，说明稍后会把处理方案也提出来

陈述处理方案的要点

承诺后面会对这个问题进行解答

但是不建议大家用直接点明题目的方法...比如这种This study investigates processes leading to ozone depletion.

虽然刚开始写的时候还是会觉得像在套公式，但是适应固定模式之后就会不由自主地强迫自己在简短的introduction里面把问题阐述完整！可以说是曲线提升学术写作技能啦。好啦以上就是这次给大家提炼的introduction的结构化重点。希望对大家写essay or dissertation有帮助呀~